Sects

Islam · Christianity · Judaism

Each of the three faiths that trace themselves to Abraham (peace be upon him) includes many traditions. This section sets out, for each major group, what it believes and what sets it apart from the others, so that the groups can be told apart at a glance.

Monotheistic Truth presents Islam as the truth of monotheism. Every group here is nonetheless described as its own followers would recognize it, using their own statements where possible. Where a point is disputed, it is marked as disputed.

Islam

13 entries

The Muslim community has two large branches, Sunni and Shia, and a third, the Ibadi. This section also covers the Sunni law schools and creeds, Sufism (a tendency, not a sect), and movements that identify as Muslim but are not accepted as Islam by mainstream Sunni and Shia scholarship.

  • Sunni, with its four law schools and three creeds
  • Shia: Twelver, Ismaili, Zaidi
  • Ibadi
  • Sufism, a tendency within Islam
  • Ahmadiyya, Nation of Islam and Quranists, labelled as outside the mainstream

Christianity

16 entries

From the ancient churches to the Reformation and the newer movements, Christians differ on authority, on the Trinity, on who Christ is and on how the church is led. This section sets out where each group stands.

  • Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Church of the East
  • Lutheran, Reformed, Anglican, Baptist, Methodist, Pentecostal
  • Latter-day Saints, Jehovah's Witnesses, Adventists
  • Unitarians, Christadelphians, Oneness Pentecostals

Judaism

9 entries

Jewish movements differ on the authority of the Oral Torah and Jewish law, on modern life and on who is counted as Jewish. This section covers the Orthodox, liberal and non-rabbinic groups.

  • Orthodox: Haredi, Hasidic, Modern Orthodox
  • Conservative (Masorti), Reform, Reconstructionist, Humanistic
  • Karaites, who reject the Oral Torah
  • Samaritans, a related Israelite faith
Adherent numbers are approximate. They come from the groups themselves, from the Pew Research Center, or from the best available independent estimate, and are labelled as such.